Pentecostalism and the Holiness Movement are charismatic religious traditions within Protestant Christianity that developed in the 19th and 20th centuries in the United States. Pentecostal and Holiness churches are often characterized by their emphasis on a post-conversion encounter with God through an experience called the "baptism of the Holy Spirit.

Though different in origin and organization, Pentecostal and Holiness churches have some commonalities. The Holiness Movement believes that faith in Jesus included sanctification from sin and transition into a life of holiness.